Kidney and Liver Review Topics for Short Test on Monday 3/2

Kidney and Liver Review Topics

The Kidney

11.3.1 Define excretion

11.3.2 Draw and label a diagram of the kidney

11.3.3 Annotate a diagram of a glomerulus and associated nephron to show the function of each part

11.3.4 Explain the process of ultrafiltration, including blood pressure, fenestrated blood capillaries and basement membrane.

11.3.5 Define osmoregulation

11.3.6 Explain the reabsorption of glucose, water and salts in the proximal convoluted tubule, including the roles of microvilli, osmosis and active transport.

11.3.7 Explain the roles of the loop of Henle, medulla, collecting duct and ADH (vasopressin) in maintaining the water balance of the blood.

11.3.8 Explain the differences in the concentration of proteins, glucose and urea between blood plasma, glomerular filtrate and urine.

11.3.9 Explain the presence of glucose in the urine of untreated diabetic patients.

The Liver

H.4.1 Outline the circulation of blood through liver tissue, including the hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, sinusoids, and hepatic vein.

H.4.2 Explain the role of the liver in regulating levels of nutrients in the blood.

H.4.3 Outline the role of the liver in the storage of nutrients, including carbohydrate, iron, vitamin A, and vitamin D.

H.4.4 State that the liver synthesizes plasma proteins and cholesterol.

H.4.5 State that the liver has a role in detoxification.

H.4.6 Describe the process of erythrocyte and hemoglobin breakdown in the liver, including phagocytosis, digestion of globin and bile pigment formation.

H.4.7 Explain the liver damage caused by excessive alcohol consumption.