Topics for Replication, Transcription, Translation, DNA Structure Test on Thurs 3/6.

3.4  Replication
3.4.1  Explain DNA replication in terms of unwinding the double helix and separation of the strands by helicase, followed by formation of the new complementary strands by DNA polymerase.
3.4.2 Explain the significance of complementary base pairing in the conservation of the base sequence of DNA.
3.4.3 State that DNA replication is semi-conservative.

3.5 Transcription and translation
3.5.1 Compare the structure of RNA and DNA.
3.5.2 Outline DNA transcription in terms of the formation of an RNA strand complementary to the DNA strand by RNA polymerase.
3.5.3 Describe the genetic code in terms of codons composed of triplets of bases.
3.5.4 Explain the process of translation, leading to polypeptide formation.
3.5.5 Discuss the relationship between one gene and one polypeptide.

Topic 7: Nucleic acids and proteins
7.1 DNA structure
7.1.1 Describe the structure of DNA, including the antiparallel strands, 3’–5’ linkages and hydrogen bonding between purines and pyrimidines.
7.1.2 Outline the structure of nucleosomes.
7.1.3 State that nucleosomes help to supercoil chromosomes and help to regulate transcription.
7.1.4 Distinguish between unique or single-copy genes and highly repetitive sequences in nuclear DNA.
7.1.5 State that eukaryotic genes can contain exons and introns.

7.2 DNA replication
7.2.1 State that DNA replication occurs in a 5' to 3' direction.
7.2.2 Explain the process of DNA replication in prokaryotes, including the role of enzymes (helicase, DNA polymerase, RNA primase and DNA ligase), Okazaki fragments and deoxynucleoside triphosphates.
7.2.3 State that DNA replication is initiated at many points in eukaryotic chromosomes.

7.3 Transcription
 7.3.1 State that transcription is carried out in a 5' to 3' direction.
7.3.2 Distinguish between the sense and antisense strands of DNA.
7.3.3 Explain the process of transcription in prokaryotes, including the role of the promoter region, RNA polymerase, nucleoside triphosphates and the terminator.
7.3.4 State that eukaryotic RNA needs the removal of introns to form mature mRNA.

7.4 Translation
7.4.1 Explain that each tRNA molecule is recognized by a tRNA-activating enzyme that binds a specific amino acid to the tRNA, using ATP for energy.
7.4.2 Outline the structure of ribosomes, including protein and RNA composition, large and small subunits, three tRNA binding sites and mRNA binding sites.
7.4.3 State that translation consists of initiation, elongation, translocation and termination.
7.4.4 State that translation occurs in a 5' to 3' direction.
7.4.5 Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a peptide bond between two amino acids.
7.4.6 Explain the process of translation, including ribosomes, polysomes, start codons and stop codons.
7.4.7 State that free ribosomes synthesize proteins for use primarily within the cell, and that bound ribosomes synthesize proteins primarily for secretion or for lysosomes.

2/24-3/15

SPARK Lecture on Monday 2/24 on transportation.

• Mon 2/24:  Finish Replication.  Replication Simulation.
• Tues 2/25:  Replication Quiz.  Notes on Transcription.  Genetic Code.   First side of Mutations in Your name worksheet.  Start reading Chapter 17.
• Thurs 2/27:  Add up EW.  Forecasting Info.  Notes on Translation.  Work on Mutations in your name worksheet, due Mon 3/3.  Finish Reading Chapter 17.  16+17 Test next Thursday.
• Mon 3/3:  Turn in Mutations in Your Name Worksheet.  Translation Simulation.
• Tues 3/4:  Translation Simulation at your table and work on Enzyme Worksheet.  
• Thurs 3/6:  Test on 16+17 (Replication, Transcription, Translation, and Chromosome Structure).  More on enzymes.
• Mon 3/10:  Introduction to Enzyme Lab.  Try 3 protocols.
• Tues 3/11:  Figure out your focused question and parameters for Enzyme Lab and do pre-write:  focused question, background, variables, procedure, data table.
• Thurs 3/13:  Data-taking for Enzyme Lab.  When finished, clean up and start processing data.  Completed lab due next Thurs 3/20 (or before Spring Break).

2/10/14-2/20/14 (updated!) (updated again!!)

Because of the snow, the Genetics Test will be moved until next Tuesday, although we will probably move forward and do some Replication this week.

• Tues 2/11:  Do problems at end of Chapter 15 and get them checked off.  Review vocabulary, Chi-squared test, and pedigrees.  Do review sheet.  Finish reading Chapter 15.
• Thur 2/13:  Video on Epigenetics.  Last minute review.  Start Replication.  Start reading Chapter 16.
• Tues 2/18:  Hand in Genetics Review.  Take Genetics Test.  Work on Replication Worksheet.  Go over process of replication.  Finish reading Chapter 16.
• Thurs 2/20:  Unless settlement has occurred.  First day of Teacher Strike.  Please check this website for updates on suggested work assignments.  We have a tight schedule this Spring and I would like to stay occupied with the material as much as possible.  Notes on Replication.  Finish Replication Worksheet using textbooks.  Do Replication Simulations on computers.  Links to these simulations on this site.

Homework Problems for next Monday 2/10!

Hello Students!  In the event that we have further snow or you were not able to come in today, here are the homework problems for Monday 2/10:

Old book, pp. 276-277, problems 1-4, 7, 10, 12-14
New book (this should be the one you have at home), pp. 303-304, problems 1-5, 9-12

We are having a Chapter 14+15 Test on Thursday, 2/13.  There is a review sheet in the documents section and also the notes that we took on Tuesday and Thursday of this week.

Beginning of the Second Semester!!

• Tues 1/28:  Final Exams Back and Recollect.  Start genetics.  Basic vocabulary.  Making Punnett Squares (grids) for Monohybrid and Dihybrid Crosses.  Card Simulation for Making Flowers.  Start Reading Chapter 14.
• Thurs 1/30:  Use the Chi-Squared Test to interpret results for your flower data.  Complete the work showing your Chi-Squared test results and write a brief conclusion stating what your data means.  Probability Rules and Genetics.  Epistasis, pleiotropy, multiple alleles, and polygenic inheritance.  Work on Problems 1-20 (old books) or 1-19 (new books) at the end of Chapter 14.  Clearly show your work and/or explain your thinking for each problem.  The problems are due Tues 2/4.
• Mon 2/3:  Go over Pedigrees.  Work time for genetics problems.  SPARK Lecture on Electricity today at 3:30!
• Tues 2/4:  Turn in Genetics Problems.  Chromosomal basis of inheritance.  Sex-linked genes.  Genetic testing and karyotypes.  Karyotype simulation.  Research genetic disorders.  Read Chapter 15.1 and 15.2.  
• Thurs 2/6:  Linked genes.  Gene maps.  Start Problems at the end of Chapter 15.  Problems 1-15 will be due Tues 2/11.  Read 15.3-15.4.